Yarrow (Achillea millefolium)
Yarrow is one of the most versatile and time-honored plants you'll find in the wild—and possibly in your own backyard.
How to Identify Yarrow:
Leaves: Feathery, fern-like, and aromatic when crushed—giving it the nickname "thousand leaf."
Flowers: Clusters of small, daisy-like flowers, most commonly white but sometimes pale pink or yellow.
Height: Typically grows 1–3 feet tall.
Stem: Slightly hairy and sturdy.
Aroma: Strong, medicinal scent—especially noticeable when leaves are crushed.
Common Lookalikes:
Queen Anne’s Lace (Daucus carota) – Similar flat-topped flower clusters, but its leaves are more finely divided and it often has a single dark flower at the center.
Poison Hemlock (Conium maculatum) – Can also be mistaken when not in bloom, but it has purple blotches on the stem and is highly toxic. Yarrow’s stem is green and solid, not hollow.
American Wild Carrot (Daucus pusillus) – Similar to Queen Anne’s Lace but smaller overall, with more delicate blooms and fine, feathery leaves.
Native Region & Habitat:
Native to North America, Europe, and parts of Asia, yarrow thrives in meadows, open woodlands, roadsides, and disturbed soils.
It’s drought-tolerant and adapts well to poor soils—making it a resilient wild companion.
Growth Habit & Season:
Yarrow is a perennial that begins to leaf out in early spring.
Bloom time: Typically late spring through early fall (May–September, depending on region).
It spreads by both seed and rhizomes, forming attractive patches over time.
Traditional & Modern Uses:
First Aid: Historically known as “soldier’s woundwort,” yarrow was used to stop bleeding and disinfect wounds in the field.
Digestive Support: Used in teas or tinctures for cramping, gas, and sluggish digestion.
Immune Support: May promote sweating to help break a fever.
Pollinator Plant: Loved by bees and butterflies.
Garden Companion: Known to improve soil health and repel certain pests when planted near vegetables.
Caution:
Yarrow is generally safe in moderate amounts, but it can interact with blood thinners, and some people with ragweed allergies may experience skin irritation.
Pregnant people should avoid internal use due to its potential to stimulate uterine activity.
